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W/C 17 November 2008: Page 3


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Old Railway Line... Help Needed!

 

We are still struggling to put together our feature item on the old Canterbury and Whitstable railway line. In our last Chat Column, we included a draft item on the fascinating stretch of track between Westgate Terrace and All Saints Church... and it posed some questions that have left us scratching our heads!

Since then, we have failed to come up with clear cut answers and we wonder if any of our more senior readers can throw some light on it all. The problems are detailed below...

  

Teynham Road Subway & Bridge

  

The subway/bridge project was a major piece of work carried out in the 1920s and/or 1930s. Until then, the railway bank of the C&WR separated  Railway Avenue from Teynham Road causing them to end in cul de sacs. The bank supported the platform of Tankerton Halt which had a staircase leading to the mainline station on the London Thanet line.

In the vicinity, the only road linking Whitstable with Tankerton was Old Bridge Road (called Church Road at that time) and this throughfare was hindered by the low, narrow and twisted arch of the brick bridge that we all knew as "oldest railway bridge in the world". The age of the motor car was dawning, the mainline was becoming a major link to London... and Tankerton was developing as a commuter town. A better road route was needed. That gave rise to the plans for a subway under the C&WR and a  metal bridge to carry trains over it. In the process, Railway Avenue would be joined with Teynham Road

The project must have involved several phases and we have found some evidence of this. Let's take a look.

First, there would have needed to be some form of existing roadway to enable contractors to reach the proposed site. Well in 1920/21, the first council house estate was built in Station Road and Railway Avenue. The houses of Railway Avenue extended up to the embankment of the C&WR and they were served by a rough  roadway.

That brings us to Item 1 in our collection of evidence. My grandparents occupied No 36 Railway Avenue and my mother told me that, in the early 1920s, that section of road was an unmade track that terminated at the railway embankment. The family photo below shows my mother in the garden. It also shows the fencing that bordered that rough road. The railway embankment is in the background and you can just see the northern end of Tankerton Halt platform. As my mother was born in 1919, I would date the shot as circa 1925.

 

   

My mother 's story is confirmed by Item 2 of our evidence - a photo on Page 72  of Doug West's book, The Fourth Portrait of a Seaside Town. This shows the rough Railway Ave roadway and cul-de sac. Doug has dated it as "1920s".  Looking at it, it seems that the road may have been given a temporary surface by then. Was this done to provide access for contractors who would be working on the new bridge?

Item 3 of our evidence is a "1920s" photo on page 74 of Doug's book. This shows Teynham Road ending in a cul de sac on the other (ie eastern side) of the railway bank. With the two roads aiming at each other, one might assume that the bridge and subway were already planned at that stage. Well, maybe there were some broad proposals floating around.... but I am not so sure that they were fully detailed in the early 1920s when the council house were erected. If you study Doug's photos, you realise that the two flat roads are not aligned in the same way as the eventual subway. This ties in nicely with a statement by my mother that construction of the subway actually re-aligned the roads slightly and removed part of my grandparents front garden

Okay, so what was the next phase in the project? It seems quite possible that the bridge would have been constructed first...to support both the rail track and Tankerton Halt platform. This would have caused a relatively short disruption to the C&WR services.... allowing the subway to built later. Strangely, though, we have seen NO photographic evidence of the bridge without a subway! A further problem is that I have seen NO official or professional photos of the construction work associated with the subway.... apart form my own family photos. That brings us to Item 4 of our evidence.....

  

 

   

I have been told that this family photo shows my mother on the new subway railings while a steamroller was helping to surface Railway Avenue. I would estimate her age to be 10-11 and that dates it around 1929-1930.

My family photobox also contains Item 5 of our evidence.....

  

 

   

This shows the completed bridge (supporting Tankerton Halt station) and an "almost" complete subway. I have been told that it may also show my mother with some rellies walking under the bridge. Sadly, I cannot date the scene but leading on from the earlier photos, I would have guessed at around 1929/1930.

Items 6 and 7 of our evidence complete the story as they depict the subway opening ceremony.

  

  

   

The whole story hangs together reasonably well at this point.... until you hit page 74 of Doug's book. This also shows the opening ceremony.... but it dates it as 1935. At the moment, that dating is the only written record that I have stumbled across... and it has thrown us into total confusion!

If Doug's date is correct, here are the problems....

  

1 Why would the "completed bridge" photo show the structure supporting Tankerton Halt platform when passenger services ceased on the C&WR a full five years earlier - in 1930. Why would the Whitstable Urban District Council even consider designing and building a bridge to support a defunct railway platform? 

One answer might be that the whole scheme took many years to complete. In other words, it was all designed in the 1920s when the C&WR still served passengers and the WUDC didn't think it was worth changing the plans. Another similar theory revolves around the assumption that the bridge was built first. Did it arrive in the late 1920s and was the subway built much later (ie in the mid-1930s)? 

However, even with these explanations, there are curious problems. The whole scheme would have taken years to complete. So, where are the newspaper reports of the protracted work. Where are the photos of the gradual development? In particular, where are the photos of a completed bridge with no subway?

Even more curious is the fact that Brian Smith has uncovered evidence that might yet suggest that all the line's "halt" stations had been removed by 1935!

2 A 1935 opening may also contradict my family photo album.... and that's a serious matter! It would suggest that my mother is sitting on the railings at the age of 15 or 16!... or the subway took 5 years to complete... or that she is not my mother!... ! I am not entirely happy with any of those ideas!!!!! 

   

Based on my family photos I have always thought that the subway opened between 1928 and 1930.  However, if Doug's book is right with that 1935 date, there is quite a protracted story surrounding the whole project.... BUT where are all the accounts and photos?

Does anyone have a granddad or a granny who can relate the story.... and stop me putting my boot through my PC before we finalise our C&WR feature?

    

The Tankerton Halt Footbridge...

  

Our second major issue also stems from a family photograph. This one....

 

 

It appears to show a footbridge leading across the main London-Thanet railway line from Tankerton Halt platform to Old Bridge Road. If this is true, such a bridge would have represented the main emntrance to the Halt and it would explain a whole lot about how the station operated.

We are now convinced that this bridge did exist and that it served the function we have described. The overall plan would have looked like this...

 

  

So what is the problem? Well, there are many excellent and detailed books on the Canterbury & Whitstable Railway.... BUT, to date, we have yet to find one that mentions the footbridge.

This is where you can help. If you have a senior relative who travelled on the line as a passenger in the 1920s, could you ask them about the footbridge. It would be brilliant if they could describe how they used the line. 

   

Reaction on Footbridge Issue...

  

In response to the above item, Barry Freeman has raised some interesting questions.

 

Fascinating article and lovely photos re Tankerton Halt and the Teynham Road bridge.

Yes, a mystery indeed, but remember - there were 3 bridges: The Old Bridge, the Teynham Rd bridge and the bridge over the London-Ramsgate line. 

Remember too that the current Whitstable station platforms were only extended towards the old line in 1959 to accommodate the longer 12-coach electric trains. Before that, there was a little waiting room on the up (London-bound) platform with a coal fire in winter and a short tarmac ramp up to it from Old Bridge Rd (roughly opposite "Coppins") with lockable iron gates.

Could it be that what we can see in the photo is a continuation of the C&W Tankerton Halt platform (ie was it built over Teynham Rd AND the Ramsgate line)a nd that the only path down from it was on the Teynham Rd side?  Was there any room for a path or flight of steps down to the Old Bridge Rd side?

In 1967 I researched the microfiche and other documents held in the Beaney Institute, Canterbury for the history of the C&W.  I've no recollection of the plans for the layout of the halts on the line.
Does anyone remember the remains of a more solid structure (maybe another platform?) a little south of the Old Bridge and to the west side of the track bed?  
 

Barry Freeman
Shaftesbury
Dorset

Our Response:

Thanks, Barry.

I think it very unlikely that the Tankerton Halt platform extended across the London-Thanet line. If you look to the right of my great grandmothers head, you can just about make out what I believe is the sloping end to the platform behind the ramp leading down to the steps. 

The steps provided access to a path that linked to the Ramsgate-bound platform of the mainline station. That path existed before the mainline platform extensions were added and it was retained after the extension work.

If you look at the "possible footbridge" structure, you can see quite a gap between it and the main bridge over the London-Thanet line. It is also slightly arched and set at a slightly lower level than the platform of Tankerton Halt. 

If it was merely part of the platform, there would be no gap and one would expect it to be to be a level structure. 

The other very important consideration here is that, without a footbridge to Old Bridge Road, Tankerton Halt would have been very difficult to reach from Tankerton. There was no Teynham Road bridge when the Halt was opened in 1915 and there would have been little point in a path to Railway Avenue as the area was simply undeveloped marshland. 

In fact some kind of direct link to Old Bridge Road would have been essential if the Halt station was to function properly. 

I have examined other family photos and there was sufficient embankment on the C&WR to allow steps from a footbridge to Old Bridge Road. However, it would have been more difficult to provide steps leading directly to the London-bound platform as the abutment of the bridge over the mainline had a very angled 'wing' on its west side.

I know the ramp and waiting room that you have mentioned. However, they came some time later. Terry Phillips has referred me to photos that show the mainline station in the early 1920s as viewed from the C&WR. Neither structure appears in those photos. Terry has also mused over the possibility that those photos were taken from the mystery footbridge.

It all adds up to that weird structure being a footbridge.... but can we find a senior Native to confirm it!

Your comment about the remains of a structure just south of  Old Bridge Road raises some fascinating questions. I don't know of such a structure but it makes me wonder why the C&WR didn't build Tankerton Halt there. If it had done so, there would have been no need for footbridges or ramps. Passengers could merely have crossed Old Bridge Road to reach the mainline.

One answer is that the railway company wanted a much more integrated connection between the two stations and considered a link to the mainline's Thanet-bound platform as crucial to their plans. Another possibility is that they may have been aware of local authority proposals to develop Railway Avenue and the surrounding area. There may even have been talk of a future Teynham Road bridge and subway.

Of course, there is a third possibility.... ie some of those involved didn't really know what they were doing! The more I learn about the C&WR, the more I suspect that its owners were driven by some pretty bizarre  "ideals" rather than real business acumen. That statement may shock a few people and cause me to cop a bit of criticism!!! However it's worth considering some of the weird developments...

  1. In 1930, they talked the KCC into building a massive bridge over the line at South Street in order to accommodate the new Coastal Road (now known as the Old Thanet Way).... despite the fact that the line was already in decline, about to discontinue its passenger services and had a much lower height restriction imposed by the Tyler Hill tunnel to the south
     
  2. They bought a vast amount of land and built a signal box in order to provide a branch line linking the C&WR to the London-Thanet railway.... and it never happened.
     
  3. In the 1920s/1930s, they appear to have talked the local council into building a Teynham Road bridge capable of supporting Tankerton Halt platform. However, by the time Teynham Hill subway was opened, passenger services had ceased and the halt was defunct.
     
  4. They built intermediate stations on the C&WR at a time when buses were beginning to take over local traffic. The experiment lasted just a few years before passenger services ceased.

It will be interesting to see what other curiosities turn up as we continue to discuss it all.

   

Oh for a time machine!  What memories are locked inside the brains of your ancestors in that photograph.

Yes, having looked through a magnifying glass, what I can see is that the footbridge (and you've now convinced me it is!) is separate from the rail bridge over the mainline. That does seem an excessive expense, given that they could have incorporated it in the rail bridge. 

I agree it does have a slight rise too.  The rail bridge (behind it) is obviously on the same track level as the line hidden by the Halt.  Given that the platform on the west side (closest the camera) ends by sloping down to the top of the stairs leading down to the platform for Ramsgate trains, perhaps the far (east) platform also ends in a slope?

But wait!  Wasn't this a single track line at this point?  Was there a need for a platform on the east side (although the excellent diagram of the bridge girders suggests there was!  Could there have been platforms either side of the single track line, offering passengers a choice?

From memory, the line was mainly single track with very few passing points (like Clowes Wood) - employing some of the very first points employed on a passenger railway.
 

Barry Freeman
Shaftesbury
Dorset

Our Response: 

Thanks, Barry. The line was single track in that locality and, as far as I know, Tankerton Halt had only one platform - on the west side. The cross section of the Teynham Hill bridge gives the impression that there may have been an "east side" platform as it had a ledge and a high barrier. I am not sure why it was built that way. 

My family photo can be misleading at first glance and I must admit that I was a bit confused at one time. However, the gentle ramp leading from the station to the steps is a separate structure from the Halt platform and it is located a few feet west of the platform (as shown on the map). Thus the steeper slope that you can see alongside my great grandmother's head is the end of the sole platform and not a second platform. I hope that makes sense. 

  

More on Teynham Road Bridge

  

After the line closed for the last time in 1953, many of us kids remember Teynham Road bridge as a very big climbing frame. During the week, I talked to Jock Harnett about this and he raised an interesting point about the bridge.... ie that it was lopsided (with a high side and a low side). This prompted me to produce some cross sections. These are based on memory and may not be wholly accurate in every detail.

In the mid-1950s, it looked a bit like this...

  

   

The main part of the bridge (ie that supporting the rail track) comprised an open ended steel box which spanned the subway below. This was mounted on substantial concrete abutments and it was corrugated - presumably to give it extra strength. The corrugated grooves ran west-east and could be seen from the roadway below.

There was a "high" lip on the Teynham Road side with a ledge and safety barrier. The Railway Avenue side was different. It was "low-sided" and there was a separate girder traversing the subway. (Note: Quite remarkably, I seem to recall boys "tightrope walking" across that girder. I suspect that this was one of the reasons why the bridge was eventually removed!)

My description explains the lopsided look that Jock commented upon. However, it wasn't always quite that lopsided. Remember that, when it was first built, the bridge also supported the platform of Tankerton Halt station. This was mounted between the lip of the main box structure and the separate girder. If we insert that onto our cross section (in blue), it all takes on a  more symmetrical appearance...

  

         

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