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Old Railway
Line... Help Needed!
We are still struggling to put together our
feature item on the old Canterbury and Whitstable railway line. In
our last Chat Column, we included a draft item on the fascinating
stretch of track between Westgate Terrace and All Saints Church...
and it posed some questions that have left us scratching our
heads!
Since then, we have failed to come up with clear
cut answers and we wonder if any of our more senior readers can throw
some light on it all. The problems are detailed below...
Teynham Road Subway &
Bridge
The subway/bridge project was a major piece of work carried out
in the 1920s and/or 1930s. Until then, the railway bank of the
C&WR separated Railway Avenue from Teynham Road causing
them to end in cul de sacs. The bank supported the platform of
Tankerton Halt which had a staircase leading to the mainline
station on the London Thanet line.
In the vicinity, the only road linking Whitstable with
Tankerton was Old Bridge Road (called Church Road at that time) and this throughfare was hindered by
the low, narrow and twisted arch of the brick bridge that we all
knew as "oldest railway bridge in the world". The age of
the motor car was dawning, the mainline was becoming a major link
to London... and Tankerton was developing as a commuter town. A
better road route was needed. That gave rise to the plans for a
subway under the C&WR and a metal bridge to carry trains
over it. In the process, Railway Avenue would be joined with
Teynham Road
The project must have involved several phases and we have found some evidence of this. Let's
take a look.
First, there would have needed to be some form of existing
roadway to enable contractors to reach the proposed site. Well in
1920/21, the first council house estate was built in Station Road
and Railway Avenue. The houses of Railway Avenue extended up to
the embankment of the C&WR and they were served by a
rough roadway.
That brings us to Item 1 in
our collection of evidence. My grandparents occupied No 36
Railway Avenue and my mother told me that, in the early 1920s,
that section of road was an unmade track that terminated at the
railway embankment. The family photo below shows my mother in the
garden. It also shows the fencing that bordered that rough road.
The railway embankment is in the background and you can just see
the northern end of Tankerton Halt platform. As my mother was born
in 1919, I would date the shot as circa 1925.
My mother 's story is confirmed by Item
2 of our evidence - a photo on Page 72 of
Doug West's book, The Fourth Portrait of a Seaside Town. This
shows the rough Railway Ave roadway and cul-de sac. Doug has dated
it as "1920s". Looking at it, it seems that the
road may have been given a temporary surface by then. Was this done to
provide access for contractors who would be working on the
new bridge?
Item 3 of our evidence
is a "1920s" photo on page 74 of Doug's book. This shows
Teynham Road ending in a cul de sac on the other (ie eastern side)
of the railway bank. With the two roads aiming at each other, one
might assume that the bridge and subway were already planned at
that stage. Well, maybe there were some broad proposals floating
around.... but I am not so sure that they were fully detailed in
the early 1920s when the council house were erected. If you study
Doug's photos, you realise that the two flat roads are not aligned
in the same way as the eventual subway. This ties in nicely with a
statement by my mother that construction of the subway actually
re-aligned the roads slightly and removed part of my grandparents
front garden
Okay, so what was the next phase in the project? It seems quite
possible that the bridge would have been constructed
first...to support both the rail track and Tankerton Halt
platform. This would have caused a relatively short disruption to
the C&WR services.... allowing the subway to built later.
Strangely, though, we have seen NO photographic evidence of the
bridge without a subway! A further problem is that I have seen NO
official or professional photos of the construction work
associated with the subway.... apart form my own family photos.
That brings us to Item 4 of our
evidence.....
I have been told that this family photo shows my
mother on the new subway railings while a steamroller was
helping to surface Railway Avenue. I would estimate her age to
be 10-11 and that dates it around 1929-1930.
My family photobox also contains Item
5 of our evidence.....
This shows the completed bridge (supporting Tankerton Halt
station) and an "almost" complete subway. I have been
told that it may also show my mother with some rellies walking
under the bridge. Sadly, I cannot date the scene but leading on
from the earlier photos, I would have guessed at around
1929/1930.
Items 6 and 7 of our evidence
complete the story as they depict the subway opening ceremony.
The whole story hangs together reasonably well at this
point.... until you hit page 74 of Doug's book. This also shows
the opening ceremony.... but it dates it as 1935. At the moment,
that dating is the only written record that I have stumbled across... and
it has thrown us into total confusion!
If Doug's date is correct, here are the problems....
| 1 |
Why would the "completed bridge"
photo show the structure supporting Tankerton Halt
platform when passenger services ceased on the C&WR a
full five years earlier - in 1930. Why would the
Whitstable Urban District Council even consider designing
and building a bridge to support a defunct railway
platform?
One answer might be that the whole scheme took many
years to complete. In other words, it was all designed in
the 1920s when the C&WR still served passengers and
the WUDC didn't think it was worth changing the plans.
Another similar theory revolves around the assumption that
the bridge was built first. Did it arrive in the late
1920s and was the subway built much later (ie in the
mid-1930s)?
However, even with these explanations, there are
curious problems. The whole scheme would have taken years
to complete. So, where are the newspaper reports of the
protracted work. Where are the photos of the gradual
development? In particular, where are the photos of a
completed bridge with no subway?
Even more curious is the fact that Brian Smith has
uncovered evidence that might yet suggest that all the
line's "halt" stations had been removed by 1935! |
| 2 |
A 1935 opening may also contradict my
family photo album.... and that's a serious matter! It
would suggest that my mother is sitting on the railings at
the age of 15 or 16!...
or the subway took 5 years to complete... or that she is not my mother!...
! I am not entirely
happy with any of those ideas!!!!! |
Based on my family photos I have always thought that the subway
opened between 1928 and 1930. However, if Doug's book is
right with that 1935 date, there is quite a protracted story
surrounding the whole project.... BUT where are all the accounts
and photos?
Does anyone have a granddad or a granny who can relate the
story.... and stop me putting my boot through my PC before we
finalise our C&WR feature?
The Tankerton Halt
Footbridge...
Our second major issue also stems from a family photograph.
This one....
It appears to show a footbridge leading across the main
London-Thanet railway line from Tankerton Halt platform to Old
Bridge Road. If this is true, such a bridge would have
represented the main emntrance to the Halt and it would explain
a whole lot about how the station operated.
We are now convinced that this bridge did exist and that it
served the function we have described. The overall plan would have
looked like this...
So what is the problem? Well, there are many excellent and
detailed books on the Canterbury & Whitstable Railway.... BUT,
to date, we have yet to find one that mentions the footbridge.
This is where you can help. If you have a senior relative who
travelled on the line as a passenger in the 1920s, could you ask
them about the footbridge. It would be brilliant if they could
describe how they used the line.
Reaction on Footbridge Issue...
In response to the above item, Barry Freeman has raised some
interesting questions.
| Fascinating article and lovely photos
re Tankerton Halt and the Teynham Road bridge.
Yes, a mystery indeed, but remember - there were 3
bridges: The Old Bridge, the Teynham Rd bridge and the
bridge over the London-Ramsgate line.
Remember too that the current Whitstable station
platforms were only extended towards the old line in 1959
to accommodate the longer 12-coach electric trains. Before
that, there was a little waiting room on the up
(London-bound) platform with a coal fire in winter and a
short tarmac ramp up to it from Old Bridge Rd (roughly
opposite "Coppins") with lockable iron gates.
Could it be that what we can see in the photo is a
continuation of the C&W Tankerton Halt platform (ie
was it built over Teynham Rd AND the Ramsgate line)a nd
that the only path down from it was on the Teynham Rd
side? Was there any room for a path or flight of
steps down to the Old Bridge Rd side?
In 1967 I researched the microfiche and other documents
held in the Beaney Institute, Canterbury for the history
of the C&W. I've no recollection of the plans
for the layout of the halts on the line.
Does anyone remember the remains of a more solid structure
(maybe another platform?) a little south of the Old Bridge
and to the west side of the track bed?
Barry Freeman
Shaftesbury
Dorset |
| Our
Response:
Thanks, Barry.
I think it very unlikely that the Tankerton Halt
platform extended across the London-Thanet line. If you
look to the right of my great grandmothers head, you can
just about make out what I believe is the sloping end to
the platform behind the ramp leading down to the
steps.
The steps provided access to a path that linked to
the Ramsgate-bound platform of the mainline station. That
path existed before the mainline platform extensions were
added and it was retained after the extension work.
If you look at the "possible footbridge"
structure, you can see quite a gap between it and the main
bridge over the London-Thanet line. It is also slightly
arched and set at a slightly lower level than the platform
of Tankerton Halt.
If it was merely part of the platform, there would
be no gap and one would expect it to be to be a level
structure.
The other very important consideration here is that,
without a footbridge to Old Bridge Road, Tankerton Halt
would have been very difficult to reach from Tankerton.
There was no Teynham Road bridge when the Halt was opened
in 1915 and there would have been little point in a path
to Railway Avenue as the area was simply undeveloped
marshland.
In fact some kind of direct link to Old Bridge Road
would have been essential if the Halt station was to
function properly.
I have examined other family photos and there was
sufficient embankment on the C&WR to allow steps from
a footbridge to Old Bridge Road. However, it would have
been more difficult to provide steps leading directly to
the London-bound platform as the abutment of the bridge
over the mainline had a very angled 'wing' on its west
side.
I know the ramp and waiting room that you have
mentioned. However, they came some time later. Terry
Phillips has referred me to photos that show the mainline
station in the early 1920s as viewed from the C&WR.
Neither structure appears in those photos. Terry has also
mused over the possibility that those photos were taken
from the mystery footbridge.
It all adds up to that weird structure being a
footbridge.... but can we find a senior Native to confirm
it!
Your comment about the remains of a structure just
south of Old Bridge Road raises some fascinating
questions. I don't know of such a structure but it makes
me wonder why the C&WR didn't build Tankerton Halt
there. If it had done so, there would have been no need
for footbridges or ramps. Passengers could merely have
crossed Old Bridge Road to reach the mainline.
One answer is that the railway company wanted a much
more integrated connection between the two stations and
considered a link to the mainline's Thanet-bound platform
as crucial to their plans. Another possibility is that
they may have been aware of local authority proposals to
develop Railway Avenue and the surrounding area. There may
even have been talk of a future Teynham Road bridge and
subway.
Of course, there is a third possibility.... ie some
of those involved didn't really know what they were doing!
The more I learn about the C&WR, the more I suspect
that its owners were driven by some pretty bizarre
"ideals" rather than real business acumen. That
statement may shock a few people and cause me to cop a bit
of criticism!!! However it's worth considering some of the
weird developments...
- In 1930, they talked the KCC into building a
massive bridge over the line at South Street in order
to accommodate the new Coastal Road (now known as the
Old Thanet Way).... despite the fact that the line was
already in decline, about to discontinue its passenger
services and had a much lower height restriction
imposed by the Tyler Hill tunnel to the south
- They bought a vast amount of land and built a
signal box in order to provide a branch line linking
the C&WR to the London-Thanet railway.... and it
never happened.
- In the 1920s/1930s, they appear to have talked
the local council into building a Teynham Road bridge
capable of supporting Tankerton Halt platform.
However, by the time Teynham Hill subway was opened,
passenger services had ceased and the halt was
defunct.
- They built intermediate stations on the C&WR
at a time when buses were beginning to take over local
traffic. The experiment lasted just a few years before
passenger services ceased.
It will be interesting to see what other curiosities
turn up as we continue to discuss it all. |
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Oh for a time machine! What memories are locked
inside the brains of your ancestors in that photograph.
Yes, having looked through a magnifying glass, what I
can see is that the footbridge (and you've now convinced
me it is!) is separate from the rail bridge over the
mainline. That does seem an excessive expense, given that
they could have incorporated it in the rail bridge.
I agree it does have a slight rise too. The rail
bridge (behind it) is obviously on the same track level as
the line hidden by the Halt. Given that the platform
on the west side (closest the camera) ends by sloping down
to the top of the stairs leading down to the platform for
Ramsgate trains, perhaps the far (east) platform also ends
in a slope?
But wait! Wasn't this a single track line at this
point? Was there a need for a platform on the east
side (although the excellent diagram of the bridge girders
suggests there was! Could there have been platforms
either side of the single track line, offering passengers
a choice?
From memory, the line was mainly single track with very
few passing points (like Clowes Wood) - employing some of
the very first points employed on a passenger railway.
Barry Freeman
Shaftesbury
Dorset |
| Our
Response:
Thanks, Barry. The line was single track in that
locality and, as far as I know, Tankerton Halt had only
one platform - on the west side. The cross section of the
Teynham Hill bridge gives the impression that there may
have been an "east side" platform as it had a
ledge and a high barrier. I am not sure why it was built
that way.
My family photo can be misleading at first glance
and I must admit that I was a bit confused at one time.
However, the gentle ramp leading from the station to the
steps is a separate structure from the Halt platform and
it is located a few feet west of the platform (as shown on
the map). Thus the steeper slope that you can see
alongside my great grandmother's head is the end of the
sole platform and not a second platform. I hope that makes
sense. |
More on Teynham Road Bridge
After the line closed for the last time in 1953, many of us
kids remember Teynham Road bridge as a very big climbing
frame. During the week, I talked to Jock Harnett about this and he raised an interesting point about the bridge.... ie
that it was lopsided (with a high side and a low side). This
prompted me to produce some cross sections. These are based on memory and
may not be wholly accurate in every detail.
In the mid-1950s, it looked a bit like this...
The main part of the bridge (ie that supporting the rail track)
comprised an open ended steel box which spanned the subway below.
This was mounted on substantial concrete abutments and it was corrugated -
presumably to give it extra strength. The corrugated grooves ran
west-east and could be seen from the roadway below.
There was a "high" lip on the Teynham Road side with
a ledge and safety barrier. The Railway Avenue side was different.
It was "low-sided" and there was a separate girder traversing the subway. (Note: Quite remarkably, I
seem to recall boys
"tightrope walking" across that girder. I suspect that
this was one of the reasons why the bridge was eventually
removed!)
My description explains the lopsided look that Jock commented
upon. However, it wasn't always quite that lopsided. Remember
that, when it was first built, the bridge also supported the
platform of Tankerton Halt station. This was mounted between the
lip of the main box structure and the separate girder. If we insert
that onto our cross section (in blue), it all takes on a
more symmetrical appearance...
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